Shetland Sheepdog

Official Standard of the Shetland Sheepdog
General Appearance: The Shetland Sheepdog, like the Collie, traces to the Border
Collie of Scotland, which, transported to the Shetland Islands and crossed with small, intelligent,
longhaired breeds, was reduced to miniature proportions. Subsequently crosses were made from
time to time with Collies. This breed now bears the same relationship in size and general
appearance to the Rough Collie as the Shetland Pony does to some of the larger breeds of horses.
Although the resemblance between the Shetland Sheepdog and the Rough Collie is marked, there
are differences which may be noted. The Shetland Sheepdog is a small, alert, rough-coated,
longhaired working dog. He must be sound, agile and sturdy. The outline should be so
symmetrical that no part appears out of proportion to the whole. Dogs should appear masculine;
bitches feminine.
Size, Proportion, Substance: The Shetland Sheepdog should stand between 13 and 16 inches at
the shoulder. Note: Height is determined by a line perpendicular to the ground from the top of
the shoulder blades, the dog standing naturally, with forelegs parallel to line of measurement.
Disqualifications - Heights below or above the desired size range are to be disqualified from the
show ring. In overall appearance, the body should appear moderately long as measured from
shoulder joint to ischium (rearmost extremity of the pelvic bone), but much of this length is
actually due to the proper angulation and breadth of the shoulder and hindquarter, as the back
itself should be comparatively short.
Head: The head should be refined and its shape, when viewed from top or side, should be a
long, blunt wedge tapering slightly from ears to nose. Expression - Contours and chiseling of the
head, the shape, set and use of ears, the placement, shape and color of the eyes combine to
produce expression. Normally the expression should be alert, gentle, intelligent and questioning.
Toward strangers the eyes should show watchfulness and reserve, but no fear. Eyes medium size
with dark, almond-shaped rims, set somewhat obliquely in skull. Color must be dark, with blue
or merle eyes permissible in blue merles only. Faults - Light, round, large or too small.
Prominent haws. Ears small and flexible, placed high, carried three-fourths erect, with tips
breaking forward. When in repose the ears fold lengthwise and are thrown back into the frill.
Faults - Set too low. Hound, prick, bat, twisted ears. Leather too thick or too thin.
Skull and Muzzle - Top of skull should be flat, showing no prominence at nuchal crest (the top
of the occiput). Cheeks should be flat and should merge smoothly into a well-rounded muzzle.
Skull and muzzle should be of equal length, balance point being inner corner of eye. In profile
the top line of skull should parallel the top line of muzzle, but on a higher plane due to the
presence of a slight but definite stop. Jaws clean and powerful. The deep, well-developed
underjaw, rounded at chin, should extend to base of nostril. Nose must be black. Lips tight.
Upper and lower lips must meet and fit smoothly together all the way around. Teeth level and
evenly spaced. Scissors bite. Faults - Two-angled head. Too prominent stop, or no stop. Overfill
below, between, or above eyes. Prominent nuchal crest. Domed skull. Prominent cheekbones.
Snipy muzzle. Short, receding, or shallow underjaw, lacking breadth and depth. Overshot or
undershot, missing or crooked teeth. Teeth visible when mouth is closed.
Neck, Topline, Body: Neck should be muscular, arched, and of sufficient length to carry the
head proudly. Faults - Too short and thick. Back should be level and strongly muscled. Chest
should be deep, the brisket reaching to point of elbow. The ribs should be well sprung, but
flattened at their lower half to allow free play of the foreleg and shoulder. Abdomen moderately
tucked up.

Faults - Back too long, too short, swayed or roached. Barrel ribs. Slab-side. Chest
narrow and/or too shallow. There should be a slight arch at the loins, and the croup should slope
gradually to the rear. The hipbone (pelvis) should be set at a 30-degree angle to the spine. Faults
- Croup higher than withers. Croup too straight or too steep.
The tail should be sufficiently long so that when it is laid along the back edge of the hind legs the
last vertebra will reach the hock joint. Carriage of tail at rest is straight down or in a slight
upward curve. When the dog is alert the tail is normally lifted, but it should not be curved
forward over the back. Faults - Too short. Twisted at end.
Forequarters: From the withers, the shoulder blades should slope at a 45-degree angle forward
and downward to the shoulder joints. At the withers they are separated only by the vertebra, but
they must slope outward sufficiently to accommodate the desired spring of rib. The upper arm
should join the shoulder blade at as nearly as possible a right angle. Elbow joint should be
equidistant from the ground and from the withers. Forelegs straight viewed from all angles,
muscular and clean, and of strong bone. Pasterns very strong, sinewy and flexible. Dewclaws
may be removed. Faults - Insufficient angulation between shoulder and upper arm. Upper arm
too short. Lack of outward slope of shoulders. Loose shoulders. Turning in or out of elbows.
Crooked legs. Light bone. Feet should be oval and compact with the toes well arched and fitting
tightly together. Pads deep and tough, nails hard and strong. Faults - Feet turning in or out. Splay
feet. Hare feet. Cat feet.
Hindquarters: The thigh should be broad and muscular. The thighbone should be set into the
pelvis at a right angle corresponding to the angle of the shoulder blade and upper arm. Stifle
bones join the thighbone and should be distinctly angled at the stifle joint. The overall length of
the stifle should at least equal the length of the thighbone, and preferably should slightly exceed
it. Hock joint should be clean-cut, angular, sinewy, with good bone and strong ligamentation.
The hock (metatarsus) should be short and straight viewed from all angles. Dewclaws should be
removed. Faults - Narrow thighs. Cow-hocks. Hocks turning out. Poorly defined hock joint. Feet
as in forequarters.
Coat: The coat should be double, the outer coat consisting of long, straight, harsh hair; the
undercoat short, furry, and so dense as to give the entire coat its "standoff" quality. The hair on
face, tips of ears and feet should be smooth. Mane and frill should be abundant, and particularly
impressive in males. The forelegs well feathered, the hind legs heavily so, but smooth below the
hock joint. Hair on tail profuse. Note: Excess hair on ears, feet, and on hocks may be trimmed
for the show ring. Faults - Coat short or flat, in whole or in part; wavy, curly, soft or silky. Lack
of undercoat. Smooth-coated specimens.
Color: Black, blue merle, and sable (ranging from golden through mahogany); marked with
varying amounts of white and/or tan. Faults - Rustiness in a black or a blue coat. Washed-out or
degenerate colors, such as pale sable and faded blue. Self-color in the case of blue merle, that is,
without any merling or mottling and generally appearing as a faded or dilute tri-color.
Conspicuous white body spots. Specimens with more than 50 percent white shall be so severely
penalized as to effectively eliminate them from competition. Disqualification - Brindle.
Gait: The trotting gait of the Shetland Sheepdog should denote effortless speed and smoothness.
There should be no jerkiness, nor stiff, stilted, up-and-down movement. The drive should be
from the rear, true and straight, dependent upon correct angulation, musculation, and
ligamentation of the entire hindquarter, thus allowing the dog to reach well under his body with
his hind foot and propel himself forward. Reach of stride of the foreleg is dependent upon correct
angulation, musculation and ligamentation of the forequarters, together with correct width of
chest and construction of rib cage. The foot should be lifted only enough to clear the ground as
the leg swings forward. Viewed from the front, both forelegs and hindlegs should move forward
almost perpendicular to ground at the walk, slanting a little inward at a slow trot, until at a swift
trot the feet are brought so far inward toward center line of body that the tracks left show two
parallel lines of footprints actually touching a center line at their inner edges. There should be no
crossing of the feet nor throwing of the weight from side to side. Faults - Stiff, short steps, with a
choppy, jerky movement. Mincing steps, with a hopping up and down, or a balancing of weight
from side to side (often erroneously admired as a "dancing gait" but permissible in young
puppies). Lifting of front feet in hackney-like action, resulting in loss of speed and energy.
Pacing gait.
Temperament: The Shetland Sheepdog is intensely loyal, affectionate, and responsive to his
owner. However, he may be reserved toward strangers but not to the point of showing fear or
cringing in the ring. Faults - Shyness, timidity, or nervousness. Stubbornness, snappiness,